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《序卦传》阐释了六十四卦的排列顺序

天象观星 昌达空间 1209℃ 0评论

 

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  《序卦传》依据自然规律和客观人事规则,阐释了六十四卦的排序原理。

  《序卦传》上篇:

  有天地,然后万物生焉。盈天地之间者唯万物,故受之以《屯》。屯者,盈也。屯者,物之始生也。物生必蒙,故受之以《蒙》。蒙者,蒙也,物之稚也。物稚不可不养也,故受之以《需》。需者,饮食之道也。饮食必有讼,故受之以《讼》。讼必有众起,故受之以《师》。师者,众也。众必有所比,故受之以《比》。比者,比也。比必有所畜,故受之以《小畜》。物畜,物畜然后有礼,故受之以《履》。履而泰,然后安,故受之以《泰》。泰者,通也。物不可以终通,故受之以《否》。物不可以终否,故受之以《同人》。与人同者,物必归焉,故受之以《大有》。有大者,不可以盈,故受之以《谦》。有大而能谦必豫,故受之以《豫》。豫必有随,故受之以《随》。以喜随人者必有事,故受之以《蛊》。蛊者,事也。有事而后可大,故受之以《临》。临者,大也。物大然后可观,故受之以《观》。可观而后有所合,故受之以《噬嗑》。嗑者,合也。物不可以苟合而已,故受之以《贲》。贲者,饰也。致饰然后亨则尽矣,故受之以《剥》。剥者,剥也。物不可以终尽,剥穷上反下,故受之以《复》。复则不妄矣,故受之以《无妄》。有无妄,物然后可畜,故受之以《大畜》。物畜然后可养,故受之以《颐》。颐者,养也。不养则不可动,故受之以《大过》。物不可以终过,故受之以《坎》。坎者,陷也。陷必有所丽,故受之以《离》。离者,丽也。

  译文:

  有天地之后,才有万物,因此,《乾为天》,是第一卦;《坤为地》,是第二卦;

  天地之间囤积着万物,所以,《水雷屯》第三卦;

  万物出生之始,必然稚嫩而一无所知,所以,《山水蒙》是第四卦;

  稚嫩蒙昧,就需要养育和教化,所以,《水天需》是第五卦;

  养育需要财力和人力,于是,每个人挖空心思去获取财富。这种残酷的竞争必然导致争斗和诉讼。所以,《天水讼》是第六卦;

  争讼严重,必然导致群体性大规模纷争,于是,拉帮结派,兴师动众。所以,《地水师》是第七卦;

  纷争胜利结束,大伙在一起亲密无间,有说有笑。所以,《水地比》是第八卦;

  团结就是力量,团结就能获取更多的财富。所以,《风天小畜》是第九卦;

  财富是强权的基础。于是,众人开始畏惧,上下级关系随即产生,并且又颁布了条律,约束人与人的关系。所以,《天泽履》是第十卦;

  国有国法,家有家规。政令严明,则国泰民安。所以,《地天泰》是第十一卦;

  官员腐败,百姓生怨,衰败的苗头便开始显现了。所以,《天地否》是第十二卦;

  自己没能力管理天下,只能让贤给他人,以求共同发展。所以,《天火同人》是第十三卦;

  同心竭力,共同发展,才能大有所获。所以,《火天大有》是第十四卦;

  再富裕,再有势力,也不可趾高气扬,忘乎所以。所以,《地山谦》是第十五卦;

  具备谦逊的品德,博大的胸怀,是圣贤的形象。所以,《雷地豫》是第十六卦;

  贤达圣人,闻名遐迩,四海贤者必然追随而来。所以,《泽雷随》是第十七卦;

  追随者良莠不齐,难免会有小人惹出事端。所以,《山风蛊》是第十八卦;

  事端闹大了,只有圣贤出面才能平息。所以,《地泽临》是第十九卦;

  圣贤要认真审察,仔细辨别,因为百姓都在关注着你的一举一动。所以,《风地观》是第二十卦;

  为了服众,首要的任务就是先把事端暂时压下来,不要再扩大。所以,《火雷噬嗑》是第二十一卦;

  事端毕竟没有彻底解决,只是在表面上做点小文章,哄骗安抚而已。所以,《山火贲》是第二十二卦;

  问题没能从根本上解决,怨气依然存在,导致关系下滑到冰点。所以,《山地剥》是二十三卦;

  时间可以淡化一切,随着时间的推移,矛盾逐渐自行化解。所以,《地雷复》是二十四卦;

  矛盾逐渐化解之后,双方也不会再越分妄为,惹出事端。所以,《天雷无妄》是二十五卦;

  双方重归于好,团结一心,共谋发展。所以,《山天大蓄》是二十六卦;

  有了钱,在家就享福吧。所以,《山雷颐》是二十七卦;

  享福时间长了,对外界的了解也不深,一旦盲目行动,必然做出一些过头的事来。所以,《泽风大过》是二十八卦;

  既然办了一些过头的事,难免会遇到艰难险阻,甚至倒霉没落。所以,《坎为水》是第二十九卦;

  遇到过不去的坎儿,可惜已经没有了往日的能力,现在,只有依附于他人了。所以,《离为火》是第三十卦。

  《序卦传》下篇:

  有天地然后有万物,有万物然后有男女,有男女然后有夫妇,有夫妇然后有父子,有父子然后有君臣,有君臣然后有上下,有上下然后礼义有所错。夫妇之道不可以不久也,故受之以《恒》。恒者,久也。物不可以久居其所,故受之以《遯》。遯者,退也。物不可以终遯,故受之以《大壮》。物不可以终壮,故受之以《晋》。晋者,进也。进必有所伤,故受之以《明夷》。夷者,伤也。伤于外者必反于家,故受之以《家人》。家道穷必乖,故受之以《睽》。睽者,乖也。乖必有难,故受之以《蹇》。蹇者,难也。物不可以终难,故受之以《解》。解者,缓也。缓必有所失,故受之以《损》。损而不已必益,故受之以《益》。益而不已必决,故受之以《夬》。夬者,决也。决必有遇,故受之以《姤》。姤者,遇也。物相遇而后聚,故受之以《萃》。萃者,聚也。聚而上者谓之升,故受之以《升》。升而不已必困,故受之以《困》。困乎上者必反下,故受之以《井》。井道不可不革,故受之以《革》。革物者莫若鼎,故受之以《鼎》。主器者莫若长子,故受之以《震》。震者,动也。物不可以终动,止之,故受之以《艮》。艮者,止也。物不可以终止,故受之以《渐》。渐者,进也。进必有所归,故受之以《归妹》。得其所归者必大,故受之以《丰》。丰者,大也。穷大者必失其居,故受之以《旅》。旅而无所容,故受之以《巽》。巽者,入也。入而后说之,故受之以《兑》。兑者,说也。说而后散之,故受之以《涣》。涣者,离也。物不可以终离,故受之以《节》。节而信之,故受之以《中孚》。有其信者必行之,故受之以《小过》。有过物者必济,故受之以《既济》。物不可穷也,故受之以《未济》,终焉。

  译文:

  有了天地之后,才有了万物;有了万物之后,才有了男女;有了男女之后,才有了夫妇;有了夫妇之后,才有了父子;有父子之后,才有了君臣;有了君臣之后,才有了上下级关系;有了上下级关系之后,才产生了礼义纲常等法律和法规。

  男孩子女孩子到了青春期,异性之间必然产生好感,心灵相通。所以,《泽山咸》是第三十一卦

  男女相爱,走进婚姻殿堂,希望能够白头偕老。所以,《雷风恒》是第三十二卦;

  世间万事万物并非恒久不变。新婚夫妇厮守在一起,时间长了,必然想摆脱这困窘和枯燥的局面,于是,远走他方谋发展。所以,《天山遁》是第三十三卦;

  闯荡四方谋发展,风风光光,大有作为。所以,《雷天大壮》是三十四卦;

  人心不足蛇吞象,继续向前发展。所以,《火地晋》是第三十五卦;

  发展之路是坎坷不平的,在外难免不遇到伤害。所以,《地火明夷》是第三十六卦;

  家是温馨的港湾。在外面无论遭受了多少风吹雨打,回到家中,看见老婆和孩子才能感受到温暖。所以,《风火家人》是第三十七卦;

  才回到家,享受阖家之欢。时间长了,必然因为缺吃少喝,夫妻之间心生怨气,以致事事不顺。所以,《火泽睽》是第三十八卦;

  家和万事兴。一家人整天争吵不休,日子恐怕越过越艰难。所以,《水山蹇》是第三十九卦;

  静下心来,还需考虑赚钱养家,才能彻底化解家庭不睦的根本问题。《雷水解》是第四十卦;

  光想不干等于零。自己没钱借钱也得养活孩子老婆。可是,欠下这么多债怎么还?所以,《山泽损》是第四十一卦;

  困难到了极点。老天既然让你活着,就会给你一碗饭,该翻身了。所以,《风雷益》是第四十二卦;

  一年河东一年河西,今非昔比,有钱了,不在乎,广交朋友,该花就花。所以,《泽天夬》是第四十三卦;

  花钱慷慨,接触的朋友也就多,路子也就越来越广。所以,《天风姤》是第四十四卦;

  遇到志同道合的朋友,在一起大干一场,能积蓄下更多的财富。所以,《泽地萃》是第四十五卦;

  有钱,有势,有声名,身份自然也高升,现在已经混到官场了。所以,《地风升》是第四十六卦;

  身份高到一定程度,言谈举止都要谨慎,既不能让百姓笑话,更不可让上级反感。所以,《泽水困》是第四十七卦;

  这种高贵的日子也不好过,还不如一个小老百姓那么随便。隐居二线吧。所以,《水风井》是第四十八卦;

  曾经叱咤风云,现在猛然退居二线,似乎很难彻底改变自己的心态。但也必须逐步改变。所以,《泽火革》是第四十九卦;

  想要彻底改变,就要像容器倒地流出脏污一样干脆。所以,《火风鼎》是第五十卦;

  光说不练是笨蛋。说改就改,说干就干,立刻付诸行动。所以,《震为雷》是第五十一卦;

  凡事都有个度,盲目行动必然带来意想不到的阻碍。所以,《艮为山》是第五十二卦;

  既不要激进,也不要停滞不前,一步一个脚印慢慢来。所以,《风山渐》是第五十三卦;

  于是,才能有一个令人满意的归宿。所以,《雷泽归妹》是第五十四卦;

  人旺财旺家族旺,获得了较大的成绩。所以,《雷火丰》是第五十五卦;

  成绩达到了顶点,于是,再次不安分了,决定重走江湖,到外面闯闯。所以,《火山旅》是第五十六卦;

  出门在外就要住店。所以,《巽为风》是第五十七卦;

  旅途劳累,进店就躺在床上。美女端茶倒水,好不惬意。所以,《兑为泽》是第五十八卦;

  住店那种惬意是有时间限制的,过了时间就得离开,再次踏上旅途。所以,《风水涣》是第五十九卦;

  当然,日落西山还要进店休息。劳逸结合,早早进店休息。所以,《水泽节》是第六十卦;

  在外做任何事都要小心谨慎,该节制就要节制,以诚信厚道为主。所以,《风泽中孚》是第六十一卦;

  人非圣贤孰能无错?但是,只要能做到诚信厚道,就不至于酿成大错。所以,《雷山小过》是第六十二卦;

  即使有一些小错,反而能够增加经验,使自己变得更加睿智。所以,《水火既济》是第六十三卦;

  但是,自然规律告诉我们:人生无止境,学不完的经验,做不完的事。所以,《火水未济》是第六十四卦。

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